Is animal testing justified to save human lives?

Welcome to the debate arena! Today's topic: "Is animal testing justified to save human lives?". Your opponent's style: Carl Sagan

¿Fueron las mujeres en la Europa de la Edad Moderna agentes económicos con capacidad legal real o simples figuras subordinadas al sistema?

I appreciate the historical question, but I need to challenge your false binary. You're framing this as either "real agents" or "simple subordinates," when the reality was far more complex and regionally fragmented. Early modern European women weren't a monolith. Merchant widows in Venice controlled significant capital. Guilds in Flanders included female craftspeople. Yet coverture laws in England erased women's legal identity entirely. The answer depends entirely on which Europe, which century, which class you're examining. Your question assumes a uniform system existed. It didn't. Stop treating early modern Europe as one coherent economic space and specify your geography and timeframe. The nuance matters more than the headline.